Despite banned for public health, societal and economic reasons, and therefore strictly
regulated, growth promoters can still be used in farm animals to increase production yields …

Despite the impressive innate physical abilities of horses, camels, greyhounds, or pigeons,
doping agents might be administered to these animals to improve their performance. To …

Abstract LGD-4033 (ligandrol) is a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), which is
prohibited in sports by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and led to 62 adverse …

Selective androgen receptor modulators, SARMs, are a large class of compounds
developed to provide therapeutic anabolic effects with minimal androgenic side effects. A …

Hair and urine concentrations of the nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulator
GSK2881078 were examined following single oral administration to investigate its hair …

IOX4, a hypoxia‐inducible factor stabilizer, is classified as a banned substance for horses in
both horse racing and equestrian sports. We recently reported the pharmacokinetic profiles …

Although the main bishydroxylated long-term metabolite of the WADA-banned anabolic
agent ligandrol (LGD-4033) is an important metabolic marker, it is not readily available in …

Potential scenarios as to the origin of minute amounts of banned substances detected in
doping control samples have been a much-discussed problem in anti-doping analysis in …

This paper describes the studies of the in vitro biotransformation of two selective androgen
receptor modulators (SARMs), namely, RAD140 and S‐23, and the in vivo metabolism of …

YK‐11 is a steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator, a compound class prohibited in
both equine racing and human sports because of their potentially performance enhancing …