Neuroscientists are beginning to advance explanations of social behavior in terms of
underlying brain mechanisms. Two distinct networks of brain regions have come to the fore …

Confidence judgements, self-assessments about the quality of a subject's knowledge, are
considered a central example of metacognition. Prima facie, introspection and self-report …

Instrumental learning involves corticostriatal circuitry and the dopaminergic system. This
system is typically modeled in the reinforcement learning (RL) framework by incrementally …

We investigated how different subregions of rodent prefrontal cortex contribute to value-
based decision making, by comparing neural signals related to animal's choice, its outcome …

Social rewards or punishments motivate human learning and behaviour, and alterations in
the brain circuits involved in the processing of these stimuli have been linked with several …

In the perceptual sciences, experimenters study the causal mechanisms of perceptual
systems by probing observers with carefully constructed stimuli. It has long been known …

Reinforcement learning theory plays a key role in understanding the behavioral and neural
mechanisms of choice behavior in animals and humans. Especially, intermediate variables …

The P300 component of the human event-related brain potential has often been linked to the
processing of rare, surprising events. However, the formal computational processes …

The function of the human hippocampus is a contentious subject among neuroscientists.
Theoreticians have long viewed the hippocampus as a computational device, with …

Cognitive neuroscientists study how the brain implements particular cognitive processes
such as perception, learning, and decision-making. Traditional approaches in which …