Macrophages are the most abundant and one of the most critical cells of tumor immunity.
They provide a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity through releasing cytokines …

Abstract The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID19) pandemic has become a global crisis.
In the immunopathogenesis of COVID19, SARSCoV2 infection induces an excessive …

Hypercytokinemia, found in SARS-CoV-2 infection, contributes to multiple organ
dysfunctions with acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock etc. The aim of this study was …

Background Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is the current focus in
cancer immunotherapy. However, issues are raised in the area, as the recent studies …

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a trans-differentiation program and a key
process in tumor progression is linked positively with increased expansion of cancer stem …

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of solid cancers. Macrophages as major constituents
of immune system take important roles in regulation of tumorigenesis. Pro-tumor M2 …

Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection have a significantly higher risk of maternal
death, ICU admission, preterm delivery, and stillbirth compared to those without infection …

Since its spread at the beginning of 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19)
pandemic represents one of the major health problems. Despite the approval, testing, and …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a highly pleiotropic glycoprotein factor that can modulate
innate and adaptive immunity as well as various aspects of metabolism, including glycolysis …

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphoid cells of innate immunity that take important roles in
immune surveillance. NK cells are considered as a bridge between innate and adaptive …