Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with the development of mineral bone disorder
(MBD), osteoporosis, and fragility fractures. Among CKD patients, adynamic bone disease or …

Osteoclasts (OCLs) are hematopoietic cells whose physiological function is to degrade
bone. OCLs are key players in the processes that determine and maintain the mass, shape …

Bone metastasis is the leading cause of death in prostate cancer patients, for which there is
currently no effective treatment. Since the bone microenvironment plays an important role in …

Summary The interleukin 1 (IL-1) pathway signals through IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) and
emerges as a central mediator for systemic inflammation. Aberrant IL-1 signaling leads to a …

Osteoporosis is a major concern all over the world. With aging, a gradual loss of bone mass
results in osteopenia and osteoporosis. Heritable factors account for 60–80% of optimal …

Simple Summary Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of
advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine …

Even though the thymus is exquisitely sensitive to acute insults like infection, shock, or
common cancer therapies such as cytoreductive chemo-or radiation-therapy, it also has a …

Age‐related changes in human T‐cell populations are important contributors to
immunosenescence. In particular, terminally differentiated CD8+ effector memory CD45RA+ …

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease
causing severe locomotor disability and deterioration in the quality of life. Existing treatments …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) attenuate albuminuria and preserve normal renal histology
in diabetic mice. However, the effects of MSC on glomerular podocyte injury remain …