In less than 10 years, melanoma treatment has been revolutionized with the approval of
tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have been shown to …

The protein kinases regulate cellular functions such as transcription, translation,
proliferation, growth and survival by the process of phosphorylation. Over activation of …

Activation of Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling plays a crucial role in
tumorigenesis of numerous malignancies including glioblastoma (GB). The Canonical …

The dynamic and versatile nature of diseases such as cancer has been a pivotal challenge
for developing efficient and safe therapies. Cancer treatments using a single therapeutic …

Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-
dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately …

Increased overall survival for patients with glioma brain tumours is associated with mutations
in the metabolic regulator isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). Gliomas develop within a …

Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK pathways are commonly activated by
mutations and chromosomal translocation in vital targets. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling …

Background Patients with melanoma harbouring Val600 BRAF mutations benefit from
treatment with BRAF inhibitors. However, no targeted treatments exist for patients with BRAF …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common tumor worldwide and has a very
poor prognosis. Its occurrence has been on the increase in recent years. Surgical resection …

Autophagy and apoptosis play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. Recent studies have shown
that autophagy and apoptosis have a cross-talk relationship in anti-tumor therapy. It is well …