The premise of the standard regulatory model,“homeostasis”, is flawed: the goal of
regulation is not to preserve constancy of the internal milieu. Rather, it is to continually adjust …

Cognitive control is subjectively costly, suggesting that engagement is modulated in
relationship to incentive state. Dopamine appears to play key roles. In particular, dopamine …

Un apasionante recorrido por el funcionamiento de la mente de la mano del padre de la
psicología conductista y premio Nobel de Economía en 2002: Daniel Kahneman. En Pensar …

This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal changes in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI
signal in the substantia nigra and their relation to clinical scores of disease severity in …

Human beings have an astonishing ability to carry out and control complex behavior, and,
moreover, they seem to do so without much effort and conscious awareness about the …

Humans are adept at switching between goal-directed behaviors quickly and effectively. The
prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to play a critical role by encoding, updating, and …

Anticipating a potential benefit and how difficult it will be to obtain it are valuable skills in a
constantly changing environment. In the human brain, the anticipation of reward is encoded …

Reward has been shown to promote human performance in multiple task domains.
However, an important debate has developed about the uniqueness of reward-related …

The exact neural processes behind humans' drive to acquire a new language—first as
infants and later as second-language learners—are yet to be established. Recent theoretical …

Despite its importance in everyday life, the computational nature of effort investment remains
poorly understood. We propose an effort model obtained from optimality considerations, and …