This paper is the thirty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2012 …

Monoamines are involved in regulating the endogenous pain system and indeed, peripheral
and central monoaminergic dysfunction has been demonstrated in certain types of pain …

The management of pain, particularly chronic pain, is still an area of medical need. In this
context, opioids remain a gold standard for the treatment of pain. However, significant side …

Background Neurodevelopmental disorders are increasing in prevalence worldwide.
Previous work suggests that exposure to the environmental air pollutant and greenhouse …

Perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE) produces frontal cortical hypo-dopaminergic state and
attention and working memory deficits consistent with neurodevelopmental disorders such …

Background For many chemotherapy patients peripheral neuropathy is a debilitating side
effect. Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) contains the alkaloid mitragynine (MG), which produces …

摘要利用阿片类药物治疗各种疼痛已被广泛研究, 但如何避免其产生的副作用依然是疼痛治疗
研究中的难点. 而外周阿片系统的研究发现为阿片类药物的外周镇痛机制研究开辟了新的领域 …

Background. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia and related
disorders. Our previous study showed that this compound also induces antinociceptive …

Aims We evaluated the role of adrenergic systems on the peripheral antinociception induced
by dipyrone and diclofenac. Main methods The rat paw pressure test, in which sensitivity is …

Background The aim of this study was to investigate this involvement in not inflammatory
model of pain and which opioid receptor subtype mediates noradrenaline-induced …