Accumulating lines of experimental evidence have revealed that hypoxia‐inducible factors,
HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α, are key regulators of the adaptation of cancer‐and metastasis‐initiating …

Cancer immunotherapy has been established as standard of care in different tumor entities.
After the first reports on synergistic effects with radiotherapy and the induction of abscopal …

Currently, the treatment for ovarian cancer entails cytoreductive surgery followed by
chemotherapy, mainly, carboplatin combined with paclitaxel. Although this regimen is …

An area of research that has been recently gaining attention is the relationship between
cancer stem cell (CSC) biology and chemo-resistance in colon cancer patients. It is well …

The validation of novel diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers and therapeutic
targets in tumor cells is of critical importance for optimizing the choice and efficacy of …

Abstract The RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway has been reported to be activated in over 80% of
all cutaneous melanomas, making it the focus of many scientific studies in the melanoma …

Melanoma, which is an aggressive skin cancer, is currently the fifth and seventh most
common cancer in men and women, respectively. The American Cancer Society reported …

Malignant melanoma is an extremely aggressive and metastatic cancer, highly resistant to
conventional treatment modalities. Understanding of fundamental mechanisms responsible …

Exposure of the skin to solar UV radiation leads to inflammation, DNA damage, and
dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways, which may cause skin cancer …

Recent studies in the field of cancer stem cells have revealed that the alterations in key gene
products involved in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) program, altered …