Certain flavonoids have been shown to have specific effects on biochemical and metabolic
functions of adipocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of combinations of …

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, found in all eukaryotes, are common participants
in signal transduction pathways from the membrane to the nucleus [1–3]. They signal in a …

The ERK 1/2 MAP kinase pathway controls cell growth and survival and modulates integrin
function. Here, we report that PEA-15, a protein variably expressed in multiple cell types …

There are multiple lines of evidence showing that oxidative stress and aberrant mitogenic
signaling play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. However, the …

Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric, is known to induce apoptosis in several
types of cancer cells, but little is known about its activity in chemoresistant cells. Hence, the …

Nitric oxide is a chemical messenger implicated in neuronal damage associated with
ischemia, neurodegenerative disease, and excitotoxicity. Excitotoxic injury leads to …

Background: High doses of estrogen can promote tumor regression in postmenopausal
women with hormone-dependent breast cancer, but the mechanism is unknown. We …

Deoxynivalenol, also known as vomitotoxin, is produced by Fusarium, belonging to the
group B of the trichothecene family. DON is widely polluted, mainly polluting cereal crops …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are the main regulators of cellular proliferation,
growth, and survival in physiological or pathological conditions. Aberrant MAPK signaling …

ERK1/2 MAP kinases are important regulators in cellular signaling, whose activity is
normally reversibly regulated by threonine-tyrosine phosphorylation. In contrast, we have …