Background Endogenous sex hormones and oral contraceptives (OCs) have been shown to
influence key regions implicated in fear processing. While OC use has been found to impact …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease with the highest incidence
in women of childbearing age. The effect of pregnancy on disease activity and progression …

Many individuals undergo mating and/or other aspects of reproductive experience at some
point in their lives, and pregnancy and childbirth in particular are associated with alterations …

Hormone transition phases may trigger depression in some women, yet the underlying
mechanisms remain elusive. In a pharmacological sex-hormone manipulation model, we …

Background and purpose The effect of pregnancy on brain changes and radiological
disease activity in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well understood. This study was …

Parenthood, particularly motherhood, is known to impact the structure and function of the
brain in the short term, but the long-term effects of parenthood and their impacts on well …

Perinatal reductions in gray matter volume have been observed in human mothers
transitioning to parenthood, with preliminary evidence for similar changes in fathers. These …

During early life-sensitive periods (ie, fetal, infancy), the developing stress response system
adaptively calibrates to match environmental conditions, whether harsh or supportive …

Women are more likely to be misdiagnosed and suffer the adverse effects of new
therapeutics compared to men. These types of findings were the impetus for mandates from …

Deficits in social cognition and functioning are common in major depressive disorder (MDD).
Still, no study into the pathophysiology of MDD has examined the social cognition-related …