C3 is a key complement protein, located at the nexus of all complement activation pathways.
Extracellular, tissue, cell‐derived, and intracellular C3 plays critical roles in the immune …

Therapeutic options with immunosuppressive agents for glomerular diseases have widened
with refinements to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines …

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a pathologically defined disorder of the
glomerulus, primarily responsible for nephrotic syndromes (NS) in nondiabetic adults. The …

膜性肾病(MN) 是一种免疫密切相关的肾小球疾病, 发病机制的核心在于体内产生针对肾小球足
细胞特定抗原的自身抗体, 两者反应形成免疫复合物. 近年来, 一系列靶抗原相继被识别与鉴定 …

Membranous nephropathy is the most common cause of primary nephrotic syndrome in
adults. The most important mechanism in its pathogenesis is loss of immune tolerance. New …

Background: Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is the most common pathological
type of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Intrarenal small artery intimal thickening can be …

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease of the kidney glomerulus and
one of the leading causes of nephrotic syndrome. The disease exhibits heterogeneous …

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a common type of primary glomerulonephritis,
which pathogenesis are highly involved protein and immune regulation. Therefore, we …

Membranous Nephropathy (MN) is a common adult nephrotic syndrome, whose key
diagnostic process is Glomerular detection and classification. However, the development of …

Objective High serum levels of BAFF (B-cell activation factor) and APRIL (a proliferation-
inducing ligand) have been observed in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy …