The aim of the study was to conduct a structured review of the literature published on the use
of normal sperm morphology, as an indicator of male fertility potential in the in-vitro …

Objective To review recent studies on the development of new tests of human sperm
function and evaluation of which sperm characteristics are most important for fertilization in …

An osmotic resistance test (ORT) was developed for bull semen. Raw semen was incubated
for 40–60 min at 35° C in a fructose/sodium citrate solution with an osmolarity of 150 mOsm …

Careful analysis of sperm morphology has always been an important part of a routine semen
examination. However, the usefulness of sperm morphology assessment as a predictor of a …

Use of cryopreserved semen has become an important tool in assisted reproduction but
freezing and thawing cause sub-lethal damage to spermatozoa. This is detrimental to sperm …

This study provides a quantitative comparison between surface and ultrastructural features
of motile spermatozoa in asthenozoospermic and fertile men. The study group consisted of …

Hypoosmotic tests are widely used as valuable tests for determining sperm quality in
species as varied as the human and the porcine. However, there is little information about …

BACKGROUND: Application of frozen-thawed semen is an important tool for improving the
vivo fertility, but the process of freezing and thawing causes significant damage to …

BACKGROUND: The hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test evaluates the ability of the functional
sperm plasma membrane to stretch following cell swelling when exposed to hypo-osmotic …

Objective To determine whether the hypo-osmotic swelling test can assess viability of frozen
spermatozoa. Design Fresh semen specimens were divided into two aliquots: one was not …