Pain which persists after healing is expected to have taken place, or which exists in the
absence of tissue damage, is termed chronic pain. By definition chronic pain cannot be …

Surgical procedures are key drivers of pain development and opioid utilization globally.
Various organizations have generated guidance on postoperative pain management …

Biased agonism at G protein–coupled receptors describes the phenomenon whereby some
drugs can activate some downstream signaling activities to the relative exclusion of others …

Opiates are among the oldest medications available to manage a number of medical
problems. Although pain is the current focus, early use initially focused upon the treatment of …

Buprenorphine is a Schedule III opioid analgesic with unique pharmacodynamic and
pharmacokinetic properties that may be preferable to those of Schedule II full μ-opioid …

Despite proven clinical utility, buprenorphine has not been used widely for the treatment of
chronic pain. Questions about “ceiling effect” or bell-shaped curve observed for analgesia in …

In Australia and New Zealand, in parallel with other developed countries, the number of
patients prescribed opioids on a long-term basis has grown rapidly over the last decade …

Opioids induce respiratory depression via activation of μ-opioid receptors at specific sites in
the central nervous system including the pre-Bötzinger complex, a respiratory rhythm …

Surgery and anaesthesia result in a variety of metabolic and endocrine responses, which
result in a generalised state of immunosuppression in the immediate post-operative period …

The buprenorphine receptor binding profile is unique in that it binds to all three major opioid
receptors (mu, kappa, delta), and also binds to the orphan-like receptor, the receptor for …