In epidemiological studies it is often necessary to disentangle the pathways that link an
exposure to an outcome. Typically the aim is to identify the total effect of the exposure on the …

Large-scale volunteer databanks (LSVD) have emerged from the recognized value of
cohorts, attracting substantial funding and promising great scientific value. A major focus is …

Genetic association results are often interpreted with the assumption that study participation
does not affect downstream analyses. Understanding the genetic basis of participation bias …

Background It is often assumed that selection (including participation and dropout) does not
represent an important source of bias in genetic studies. However, there is little evidence to …

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic worldwide.
Old age and underlying illnesses are associated with poor prognosis among COVID-19 …

Background: Although cohort members tend to be healthy and affluent compared with the
whole population, some studies indicate this does not bias certain exposure-outcome …

We agree with Rothman and colleagues that scientific inference in epidemiology does not
require representativeness of the general population or target population in order to be …

Context: The idea of “population” is core to the population sciences but is rarely defined
except in statistical terms. Yet who and what defines and makes a population has everything …

The prognosis of multiple myeloma is mainly dependent upon chromosomal changes. The 2
major abnormalities driving poor outcome are del (17p) and t (4; 14). However, the outcome …

Background Higher screen time is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in adults, but
the association with T2D risk markers in children is unclear. We examined associations …