Background Gibberellic acid (GA) is widely used in Egypt and other countries to increase the
growth of many fruits and vegetables. GA can induce disturbances in the testicular enzymes …

Background Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic drug that is widely used in the
treatment of pain. It is currently the most prescribed opioid in the world, so its abuse …

Aim of the Work: To evaluate the protective effect of ALA on PCB induced testicular toxicity.
Materials and Methods: Twenty five adult male albino rats were used in this study. They …

Background: Semicarbazide (SE) is a known food additive that can be found both in nature
and in manufactured glass containers. Unfortunately, it has deleterious effects on both …

Background: Semicarbazide (SEM) is a byproduct of azodicarbonamide widely employed in
the industry of plastic gaskets used in sealing glass jars, especially baby foods jars. Aim of …

Background Consumption of energy drinks rich in caffeine has increased between
individuals. Health problems related to caffeine such as reproductive diseases have …

Background: Tramadol abuse is a major health problem in Egypt. It promotes oxidative
stress via lowering the antioxidant levels. Nigella sativa (NS) possesses strong antioxidant …

Introduction: The synthetic opioid tramadol works on the brain and spinal cord to lessen pain
in adults. It is applied therapeutically in order to relieve moderate to severe pain that other …

Introduction: Sertraline (SRT) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug that is widely
used to manage depression with several sexual side effect. Spirulina is a powerful …

Aim of the work This study aimed to evaluate the histological and morphometric changes in
rat seminiferous tubules of the testis that might result from exposure to AFB 1 and the …