Human mitochondria contain a circular genome that encodes 13 subunits of the oxidative
phosphorylation system. In addition to their role as powerhouses of the cells, mitochondria …

Aging is the most important known risk factor for dry eye is aging, which is associated with
changes in the structure and function of the lacrimal gland (LG) and characterized by …

The exocrine salivary gland secretes saliva, a fundamental body component to maintain oral
homeostasis. Saliva is composed of water, ions, and proteins such as amylase, mucins, and …

Nanoplastics (NPs) pervade daily life, posing serious threats to marine ecosystems. Despite
the crucial role that surface charge plays in NP effects, there is a substantial gap in our …

Purpose: Dry eye disease (DED) is multifactorial and associated with nerve abnormalities.
We explored an Aquaporin 5 (AQP5)-deficiency-induced JunB activation mechanism, which …

Background Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that predominantly
affects exocrine glands. Previous studies have demonstrated that upregulated interferon …

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysfunction of
exocrine glands, such as salivary glands. However, the molecular mechanism of salivary …

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disease that is often accompanied by ocular surface
abnormalities including delayed epithelial wound healing and decreased corneal sensitivity …

People with primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH) usually have an overactive sympathetic
nervous system, which can activate the sweat glands through the chemical messenger of …

Background: Modern medicine has no cure for the xerostomia caused by the early onset of
Sjögren's syndrome. Mume Fructus is a common Chinese herbal medicine used to relieve …