Background: The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bidirectional signaling channel that facilitates
communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. Recent research on the gut …

There is a growing interest in low dose radiation (LDR) to counteract neurodegeneration.
However, LDR effects on normal brain have not been completely explored yet. Recent …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, comprising 70% of dementia
diagnoses worldwide and affecting 1 in 9 people over the age of 65. However, the majority …

Anxiety disorder is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric conditions with about 264
million people worldwide living with this disorder. It is triggered when an individual faced …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant neuropeptides in the human brain, and
its levels in the blood change in neurodegenerative and neuroimmune disorders. This …

Heterogeneity is one of the key features of the healthy brain and selective vulnerability
characterizes many, if not all, neurodegenerative diseases. While cerebellum contains …

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
(PACAP) are two widely expressed neuropeptides with important immunomodulatory and …

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene cause autosomal dominant
Parkinson's disease (PD), with the most common causative mutation being the LRRK2 p …

As human life expectancy increases, neurodegenerative diseases present a growing public
health threat, for which there are currently few effective treatments. There is an urgent need …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder as yet without
effective therapy. Symptoms of this disorder typically reflect cortical malfunction with local …