Injury to or disease of the nervous system can invoke chronic and sometimes intractable
neuropathic pain. Many parallel, interdependent, and time-dependent processes, including …

The locus coeruleus (LC) is a seemingly singular and compact neuromodulatory nucleus
that is a prominent component of disparate theories of brain function due to its broad …

The mammalian nervous system is comprised of a seemingly infinitely complex network of
specialized synaptic connections that coordinate the flow of information through it. The field …

The locus coeruleus (LC) projects throughout the brain and spinal cord and is the major
source of central noradrenaline. It remains unclear whether the LC acts functionally as a …

Descending controls, comprising pathways that originate in midbrain and brainstem regions
and project onto the spinal cord, have long been recognised as key links in the multiple …

Physical exercise is a low-cost, safe, and efficient intervention for the reduction of
neuropathic chronic pain in humans. However, the underlying mechanisms for how exercise …

Pontospinal noradrenergic neurons are thought to form part of a descending endogenous
analgesic system that exerts inhibitory influences on spinal nociception. Using optogenetic …

Central noradrenergic centers such as the locus coeruleus (LC) are traditionally viewed as
pain inhibitory; however, complex interactions among brainstem pathways and their …

Abstract α 2-Adrenoceptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system
(CNS) and the systemic administration of α 2-agonists such as dexmedetomidine produces …

Pain is often perceived an unpleasant experience that includes sensory and
emotional/motivational responses. Accordingly, pain serves as a powerful teaching signal …