Background Heart transplantation has become the standard of care for pediatric patients
with end‐stage heart disease, and outcomes have consistently improved over the last few …

Heart transplantation is an accepted therapy for end‐stage heart disease in children and
adults. Over the past 25 years, the perioperative and 1‐year mortality has steadily improved …

OBJECTIVE: For children in whom graft failure develops after cardiac transplantation,
retransplantation is often considered. Although some centers have reported equivalent …

BACKGROUND: Children with orthotopic heart transplants (OHT) may die or require
retransplantation due to chronic graft failure usually due to severe coronary allograft …

Transplant coronary artery vasculopathy (TCAV) is the primary cause of late graft loss in
pediatric heart transplant recipients. TCAV is diagnosed using angiography or intravascular …

BACKGROUND: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) in patients who have undergone
heart transplantation leads to graft dysfunction and is still the major concern for long-term …

BACKGROUND: More children are coming to heart transplantation on extracorporeal
membrane oxygenation (ECMO), or inotropic support and/or with renal impairment. The use …

Cardiovascular disease is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients
following solid organ transplant. CKD is also common in pediatric patients after a solid organ …

To discuss the indications for and outcomes of cardiac retransplantation in childhood. The
major challenge of pediatric heart transplantation is graft failure. The major causes of graft …

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation and angiogenesis have been implicated in the
pathogenesis of both cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and age-related vasculopathy …