The introduction of the E Factor in 1992 focussed attention on the problem of waste
generation, defined as everything but the desired product, in chemicals manufacture and …

Biocatalysis has undergone revolutionary progress in the past century. Benefited by the
integration of multidisciplinary technologies, natural enzymatic reactions are constantly …

Biocatalysis, using defined enzymes for organic transformations, has become a common
tool in organic synthesis, which is also frequently applied in industry. The generally high …

Enzyme engineering plays a central role in developing efficient biocatalysts for
biotechnology, biomedicine, and life sciences. Apart from classical rational design and …

Directed evolution of stereo‐, regio‐, and chemoselective enzymes constitutes a unique way
to generate biocatalysts for synthetically interesting transformations in organic chemistry and …

Enzymes are excellent catalysts that are increasingly being used in industry and academia.
This perspective is primarily aimed at synthetic organic chemists with limited experience …

Enzymes are versatile catalysts and their synthetic potential has been recognized for a long
time. In order to exploit their full potential, enzymes often need to be re-engineered or …

Machine learning (ML) can expedite directed evolution by allowing researchers to move
expensive experimental screens in silico. Gathering sequence-function data for training ML …

Directed evolution of proteins often involves a greedy optimization in which the mutation in
the highest-fitness variant identified in each round of single-site mutagenesis is fixed. The …

The emergence of robust methods to expand the genetic code allows incorporation of non-
canonical amino acids into the polypeptide chain of proteins, thus making it possible to …