Indirect reciprocity (IR) is a key mechanism to understand cooperation among unrelated
individuals. It involves reputations and complex information processing, arising from social …

Humans present a behavioural paradox: they are peaceful in many circumstances, but they
are also violent and kill conspecifics at high rates. We describe a social evolutionary theory …

Our goal in this paper is to use an evolutionary approach to explain the existence and
design features of human moral cognition. Our premise is that humans are under selection …

Large-scale non-kin cooperation is a unique ingredient of human success. This type of
cooperation is challenging to explain in a world of self-interested individuals. There is …

Humans operate in groups that are oftentimes nested in multilayered collectives such as
work units within departments and companies, neighborhoods within cities, and regions …

Cooperation is widespread in nature, occurring in every taxa on Earth. Nevertheless, the
contexts in which cooperation occurs—and the forms it takes—vary widely. In this Review …

Reputation is a fundamental feature of human sociality as it sustains cooperative
relationships among unrelated individuals. Research from various disciplines provides …

When there is an opportunity to gain a positive reputation, individuals are more willing to
sacrifice their immediate self-interest. Partner choice creates opportunities for competitive …

Humans care about having a positive reputation, which may prompt them to help in
scenarios where the return benefits are not obvious. Various game-theoretical models …

Reputation is a powerful driver of human behavior. Reputation systems incentivize'actors' to
take reputation-enhancing actions, and'evaluators' to reward actors with positive reputations …