Although most patients with chronic pain are women, the preclinical literature regarding pain
processing and the pathophysiology of chronic pain has historically been derived …

Chronic pain is maintained in part by central sensitization, a phenomenon of synaptic
plasticity, and increased neuronal responsiveness in central pain pathways after painful …

Astrocytes are critical for maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS. Increasing evidence
suggests that a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic …

The previous decade has seen a rapid increase in microglial studies on pain, with a unique
focus on microgliosis in the spinal cord after nerve injury and neuropathic pain. Numerous …

Acute nociceptive pain is a key defence system that enables the detection of danger signals
that threaten homeostasis and survival. However, chronic pain (such as the neuropathic …

Microglia-astrocyte crosstalk has recently been at the forefront of glial research. Emerging
evidence illustrates that microglia-and astrocyte-derived signals are the functional …

Acute pain is protective and a cardinal feature of inflammation. Chronic pain after arthritis,
nerve injury, cancer, and chemotherapy is associated with chronic neuroinflammation, a …

Interactions between central glial cells and neurons in the pain circuitry are critical
contributors to the pathogenesis of chronic pain. In the central nervous system (CNS), two …

Differences in the prevalence of chronic pain in women vs. men are well known, and
decades of laboratory experimentation have demonstrated that women are more sensitive to …

Patients with advanced stage cancers frequently suffer from severe pain as a result of bone
metastasis and bone destruction, for which there is no efficacious treatment. Here, using …