Micronutrient deficiencies and inadequacies constitute a global health issue, particularly
among countries in the Middle East. The objective of this review is to identify micronutrient …

Introduction: Nutritional rickets has been described from at least 59 countries in the last 20
years. Its spectrum of causes differs in different regions of the world. Methods: We conducted …

The synthesis of bioactive vitamin D requires hydroxylation at the 1α and 25 positions by
cytochrome P450 enzymes in the kidney and liver, respectively. The mitochondrial enzyme …

Background: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region registers some of the highest
rates of hypovitaminosis D worldwide. Aim: We systematically reviewed the prevalence of …

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency rickets among female
adolescents and assess its relation to calcium intake and sun exposure. METHODS: Four …

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, particularly among young women
and is emerging as public health threat of epidemic proportions. Prevalence of severe …

Despite its abundant sunshine the Middle East, a region spanning latitudes from 12° N to
42° N allowing vitamin D synthesis year round, registers some of the lowest levels of vitamin …

Abstract Context: The Middle East has a high incidence of rickets, and it is also common in
Europe-dwelling children of Middle Eastern origin. Objective: The objective of the study was …

Rickets develops when growing bones fail to mineralize. In most cases, the diagnosis is
established with a thorough history and physical examination and confirmed by laboratory …

Vitamin D, an inactive secosteroid pro-hormone, is produced by the action of ultraviolet light
on 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin. The active hormone, 1, 25 (OH) 2 D is produced by …