A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to
genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD …

Despite being collectively among the most frequent congenital developmental conditions
worldwide, differences of sex development (DSD) lack recognition and research funding. As …

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is an uncommon yet devastating occurrence that results
from a premature depletion of the ovarian pool of primordial follicles. Our understanding of …

In this review, the elements included in both sex determination and sex differentiation are
briefly analyzed, exposing the pathophysiological and clinical classification of disorders or …

Conductive biomaterials provide an important control for engineering neural tissues, where
electrical stimulation can potentially direct neural stem/progenitor cell (NS/PC) maturation …

The group of disorders known as 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis (GD) is characterized by
anomalies in testis determination, including complete and partial GD (PGD) and testicular …

The gonads are unique among the body's organs in having a developmental choice: testis
or ovary formation. Gonadal sex differentiation involves common progenitor cells that form …

Abstract LIM homeodomain (LIM-HD) family genes are transcription factors that play crucial
roles in a variety of functions during embryonic development. The activities of the LIM-HD …

Diagnosis and management of individuals who have differences of sex development (DSD)
due to numerical or structural variations of sex chromosomes (NSVSC) remains challenging …

Decisions about fertility preservation can be difficult in general but the recent application of
preservation techniques to pediatric patients has ushered in a host of new ethical …