Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central
nervous system (CNS) characterized by acute optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis …

Remyelination, the myelin regenerative response that follows demyelination, restores
saltatory conduction and function and sustains axon health. Its declining efficiency with …

Importance In multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic active lesions, which previously could only be
detected at autopsy, can now be identified on susceptibility-based magnetic resonance …

Conformation-sensitive antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are
detectable in patients with optic neuritis, myelitis, opticomyelitis, acute or multiphasic …

Two decades of clinical experience with immunomodulatory treatments for multiple sclerosis
point to distinct immunological pathways that drive disease relapses and progression. In …

The CNS is protected by the immune system, including cells that reside directly within the
CNS and help to ensure proper neural function, as well as cells that traffic into the CNS with …

Oligodendrocytes wrap nerve fibres in the central nervous system with layers of specialized
cell membrane to form myelin sheaths. Myelin is destroyed by the immune system in multiple …

Objective An extensive analysis of white matter plaques in a large sample of multiple
sclerosis (MS) autopsies provides insights into the dynamic nature of MS pathology …

Astroglia are a broad class of neural parenchymal cells primarily dedicated to homoeostasis
and defence of the central nervous system (CNS). Astroglia contribute to the …

The CNS is prone to heterogeneous insults of diverse etiologies that elicit multifaceted
responses. Acute and focal injuries trigger wound repair with tissue replacement. Diffuse …