In this first paper in a series of four papers on midwifery, we aimed to examine,
comprehensively and systematically, the contribution midwifery can make to the quality of …

Background The pain that women experience during labour is affected by multiple
physiological and psychosocial factors and its intensity can vary greatly. Most women in …

This up-to-date, comprehensive and consolidated guideline on essential intrapartum care
brings together new and existing WHO recommendations that, when delivered as a …

Background Epidural analgesia is a central nerve block technique achieved by injection of a
local anaesthetic close to the nerves that transmit pain, and is widely used as a form of pain …

Background Menstrual pain is very common amongst young women. Despite the significant
impact that menstrual pain has on academic attendance and performance, social activities …

Labor pain is among the most severe types of physical pain that women may experience
during their lifetime. Thus, pain relief is an essential part of medical care during childbirth …

Background: Several recent studies have documented the effects of massage and
acupressure in reducing labor pain and labor time and in satisfaction with the delivery …

Background This review is one in a series of Cochrane reviews investigating pain
management for childbirth. These reviews all contribute to an overview of systematic reviews …

Aim Nonpharmacologic pain control methods, which are increasingly becoming widespread
in coping with labor pain, are the methods that allow women to completely relax without …

Objectives To assess the effects of nonpharmacologic approaches to pain relief during
labor, according to their endogenous mechanism of action, on obstetric interventions …