Body sodium (Na) levels must be maintained within a narrow range for the correct
functioning of the organism (Na homeostasis). Na disorders include not only elevated levels …

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a pathological condition characterized by an excessive
aldosterone secretion; once thought to be rare, PA is now recognized as the most common …

After pig-to-baboon kidney transplantation, episodes of hypovolemia and hypotension from
an unexplained mechanism have been reported. This study evaluated the renin-angiotensin …

Plasma potassium regulation within a narrow range is vital for life. The risk for hyperkalemia
increases when kidney function is impaired and with therapeutic interventions such as …

The majority of disorders that cause renal potassium wasting present with abnormalities in
adrenal hormone secretion. While these findings frequently lead patients to seek endocrine …

Some studies have demonstrated the participation of leptin in magnesium metabolism. On
the other hand, there is evidence of the role of magnesium in the leptin intracellular …

Sexual dimorphism involves differences between biological sexes that go beyond sexual
characteristics. In mammals, differences between sexes have been demonstrated regarding …

Plantaginis Semen (PS) is well recognized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and
health products. Crude PS (CPS) and salt-processed CPS (SPS) are the two most commonly …

Body sodium (Na) levels must be maintained within a narrow range for the correct
functioning of the organism (Na homeostasis). Na disorders include not only elevated levels …

Sodium and water homeostasis are drastically modified at birth, in mammals, by the
transition from aquatic life to terrestrial life. Accumulating evidence during the past ten years …