Oxygen in the atmosphere is a crucial component for life-sustaining aerobic respiration in
humans. Approximately 95% of oxygen is consumed as energy and ultimately becomes …

Reperfusion injury, the paradoxical tissue response that is manifested by blood flow-
deprived and oxygen-starved organs following the restoration of blood flow and tissue …

Evading persistent drug resistance in cancer and bacteria is quintessential to restore health
in humans, and impels intervention strategies. A distinct property of the cancer phenotype is …

Elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense systems have
been recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Compared with normal cells …

This paper reviews the body of evidence that major depression is accompanied by a
decreased antioxidant status and by induction of oxidative and nitrosative (IO&NS) …

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism catalyzed by xanthine oxidase in humans.
In the process of purine metabolism, reactive oxygen species, including superoxide, are …

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine
to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid and is widely distributed among species. In addition to …

The prototypical xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor allopurinol, has been the cornerstone of the
clinical management of gout and conditions associated with hyperuricemia for several …

There is substantial evidence that oxidative stress participates in the pathophysiology of
cardiovascular disease. Biochemical, molecular and pharmacological studies further …

Aim Vascular endothelium plays a role in capillary transport of nutrients and drugs and
regulates angiogenesis, homeostasis, as well as vascular tone and permeability as a major …