The fundamental photochemical reaction of photosynthetic energy conversion, which
transforms the photon energy of light in chemical free energy, takes places in a membrane …

The primary electron donor of photosystem I, P700, is a chlorophyll species that in its excited
state has a potential of approximately− 1.2 V. The precise chemical composition and …

Although the interest in experimental evidence of magnetic field effects (MFEs) on the
kinetics of chem-ical reactions, which might be characterized by the term “magnetokinetics” …

Since the publication of the third edition of the Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress,
continuous discoveries in the fields of plant and crop environmental stresses and their …

The second edition of this best-selling handbook is bigger, more comprehensive, and now
completely current. In addition to thorough updates to the discussions featured in the first …

In photosynthetic systems, carotenoids act as light-harvesting molecules and provide
photoprotection of the plant and bacterial species (Cogdell and Frank 1987; Siefermann …

Conclusions We now summarize the main conclusions of this work. 1. In a double proton
transfer reaction the reaction coordinate may be a heavy-atom vibration; the isotope effect …

Since the first observation of a photoexcited molecular triplet state by electron paramagnetic
resonance (EPR) 30 years ago [1], the triplet state* has provided an important tool for …

The understanding of light‐induced biological water oxidation in oxygenic photosynthesis is
of great importance both for biology and (bio) technological applications. The chemically …

Recent developments in microwave technologies have led to a renaissance of electron
paramagnetic resonance (EPR) due to the implementation of new spectrometers operating …