Background The complement system is an essential component of our innate defense and
plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Assessment of complement …

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease of the kidney glomerulus and
one of the leading causes of nephrotic syndrome. The disease exhibits heterogenous …

Background The complement system is highly activated in primary membranous
nephropathy (MN). Identifying the complement components that damage podocytes has …

The soluble membrane attack complex (sMAC, aka, sC5b-9 or TCC) is generated on
activation of complement and contains the complement proteins C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9 …

Complement activation has long been recognized as a central feature of membranous
nephropathy. Evidence for its role has been derived from the detection of complement …

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a pathological pattern of glomerular damage
caused by an autoimmune response. Immune complex deposition, thickness of glomerular …

Glomerulonephritis (GN) refers to a group of renal diseases affecting the glomeruli due to
the damage mediated by immunological mechanisms. A large proportion of the disease …

The pathogenesis of some kidney diseases is closely associated with complement
activation, where the C3a/C3a receptor (C3aR) might play a crucial role. C3a/C3aR has …

Background and objectives Activation of the complement system is involved in the
pathogenesis of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease. Glomerular …

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an immune complex mediated disease. Although limited
to the kidney, in up to 20% of patients MN is associated with other autoimmune, infectious or …