For many years, modulators of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) have been trusted by
clinicians for the control of essential hypertension. It was recently demonstrated that these …

The transcription factor AP-1 (activator protein-1) is involved in cellular proliferation,
transformation and death. Using mice and cells lacking AP-1 components, the target-genes …

In many neurologic disorders, injury to neurons may be caused at least in part by
overstimulation of receptors for excitatory amino acids, including glutamate and aspartate …

AP-1 (activating protein-1) is a collective term referring to dimeric transcription factors
composed of Jun, Fos or ATF (activating transcription factor) subunits that bind to a common …

Apoptosis is a distinct mode of cell death that is responsible for deletion of cells in normal
tissues; it also occurs in specific pathologic contexts. Morphologically, it involves rapid …

A plethora of physiological and pathological stimuli induce and activate a group of DNA
binding proteins that form AP-1 dimers. These proteins include the Jun, Fos and ATF …

Bcl-2 inhibits most types of apoptotic cell death, implying a common mechanism of lethality.
Bcl-2 is localized to intracellular sites of oxygen free radical generation including …

Cell survival requires multiple factors, including appropriate proportions of molecular oxygen
and various antioxidants. Although most oxidative insults can be overcome by the cell's …

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of liver cirrhosis and
cancer. We performed RNA sequencing in primary human hepatocytes activated with …

Apoptosis is a morphologically distinct form of programmed cell death that plays a major role
during development, homeostasis, and in many diseases including cancer, acquired …