Genetically encoded indicators engineered from G-protein-coupled receptors are important
tools that enable high-resolution in vivo neuromodulator imaging. Here, we introduce a …

The integration of external information with the internal state of the body is central to the
survival of virtually every multicellular organism. However, a complete picture of the …

The brain can represent behaviorally relevant information through the firing of individual
neurons as well as the coordinated firing of ensembles of neurons. Neurons in the …

Astrocytic calcium dynamics has been implicated in the encoding of sensory information,,,–,
and modulation of calcium in astrocytes has been shown to affect behaviour,,,–. However …

An essential feature of neurons is their ability to centrally integrate information from their
dendrites. The activity of astrocytes, in contrast, has been described as mostly …

Astrocytes are increasingly understood to be important regulators of central nervous system
(CNS) function in health and disease; yet, we have little quantitative understanding of their …

During Drosophila aversive olfactory conditioning, aversive shock information needs to be
transmitted to the mushroom bodies (MBs) to associate with odor information. We report that …

The coordination of neural activity across brain areas during a specific behavior is often
interpreted as neural communication involved in controlling the behavior. However, whether …

The current study aimed to reveal in detail patterns of intrahippocampal connectivity in
homing pigeons (Columba livia). In light of recent physiological evidence suggesting …

Astrocytes generate ATP through glycolysis and mitochondrion respiration, using glucose,
lactate, fatty acids, amino acids, and ketone bodies as metabolic fuels. Astrocytic …