The natural ecology of human language is face-to-face interaction comprising the exchange
of a plethora of multimodal signals. Trying to understand the psycholinguistic processing of …

In everyday discourse, people describe and point at things, but they also depict things with
their hands, arms, head, face, eyes, voice, and body, with and without props. Examples are …

For human-like agents, including virtual avatars and social robots, making proper gestures
while speaking is crucial in human-agent interaction. Co-speech gestures enhance …

This paper introduces virtual reality as an experimental method for the language sciences
and provides a review of recent studies using the method to answer fundamental …

Gestures during speaking are typically understood in a representational framework: they
represent absent or distal states of affairs by means of pointing, resemblance, or symbolic …

The phenomenon of gesture–speech synchrony involves tight coupling of prosodic contrasts
in gesture movement (eg, peak velocity) and speech (eg, peaks in fundamental frequency; …

We show that the human voice has complex acoustic qualities that are directly coupled to
peripheral musculoskeletal tensioning of the body, such as subtle wrist movements. In this …

There is increasing evidence that hand gestures and speech synchronize their activity on
multiple dimensions and timescales. For example, gesture's kinematic peaks (eg, maximum …

Expressive moments in communicative hand gestures often align with emphatic stress in
speech. It has recently been found that acoustic markers of emphatic stress arise naturally …

People spontaneously gesture when they speak (co-speech gestures) and when they solve
problems silently (co-thought gestures). In this study, we first explored the relationship …