Pathological vascular wall remodeling refers to the structural and functional changes of the
vessel wall that occur in response to injury that eventually leads to cardiovascular disease …

Vascular tone of resistance arteries and arterioles determines peripheral vascular
resistance, contributing to the regulation of blood pressure and blood flow to, and within the …

A combination of extrinsic (passive) and intrinsic (active) forces move lymph against a
hydrostatic pressure gradient in most regions of the body. The effectiveness of the lymph …

Histological specimen and textbook schematics evoke static pictures of vascular networks.
However, the concept of a static system is grossly misleading as vessels and their …

Endothelial cell dysfunction, characterized by a diminished response to endothelial cell–
dependent vasodilators, is a hallmark of hypertension. TRPV4 channels play a major role in …

In the pulmonary vasculature, the endothelial and smooth muscle cells are two key cell types
that play a major role in the pathobiology of pulmonary vascular disease and pulmonary …

Key points Increase in endothelial cell (EC) calcium activates calcium‐sensitive intermediate
and small conductance potassium (IK and SK) channels, thereby causing hyperpolarization …

Of the 21 members of the connexin family, 4 (Cx37, Cx40, Cx43, and Cx45) are expressed in
the endothelium and/or smooth muscle of intact blood vessels to a variable and dynamically …

Gap junctions are comprised of connexins that form cell-to-cell channels which couple
neighboring cells to accommodate the exchange of information. The need for …

Biological tissues are fed by arterial networks whose task is to set blood flow delivery in
accordance with energetic demand. Coordinating vasomotor activity among hundreds of …