Multidrug resistance is a leading concern in public health. It describes a complex phenotype
whose predominant feature is resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated cytotoxic …

Ocular diseases seriously affect patients' vision and life quality, with a global morbidity of
over 43 million blindness. However, efficient drug delivery to treat ocular diseases …

Driver mutations promote initiation and progression of cancer. Pharmacological treatment
can inhibit the action of the mutant protein; however, drug resistance almost invariably …

Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive
malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or …

Early detection and diagnosis of many cancers is very challenging. Late stage detection of a
cancer always leads to high mortality rates. It is imperative to develop novel and more …

The rapid advancement of nanomedicine and nanoparticle (NP) materials presents novel
solutions potentially capable of revolutionizing health care by improving efficacy …

Cancer cells frequently display intrinsic or acquired resistance to chemically diverse
anticancer drugs, limiting therapeutic success. Among the main mechanisms of this …

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) catalyzed by transition metal and starvation therapy
catalyzed by intracellular metabolite oxidases are both classic tumor treatments based on …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major contributor to cancer malignancy including
development of therapeutic resistance, a process mediated in part through intercellular …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generators are sparking breakthroughs in sensitization and
treatment of therapy-resistant tumors, yet the efficacy is drastically compromised by limited …