Epidemiological studies point to an inverse relationship between high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). 1-5 Clinical trials such as the …

Over the past 10 years, animal studies have uncovered the molecular mechanisms for the
renal tubular recovery of filtered vitamin and vitamin carrier proteins. Relatively few …

Abstract Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) is a bacterial organic compound and an essential
coenzyme in mammals, which take it up from the diet. This occurs by the combined action of …

The amnionless gene, Amn, on mouse chromosome 12 encodes a type I transmembrane
protein that is expressed in the extraembryonic visceral layer during gastrulation. Mice …

Amnionless (AMN) and cubilin gene products appear to be essential functional subunits of
an endocytic receptor called cubam. Mutation of either gene causes autosomal recessive …

The origin of proteinuria is found in either the glomerular filtration device or the proximal
tubular reabsorption machinery. During equilibrium, small amounts of predominantly low …

Segments from almost all parts of the bowel have been used for urinary diversion. As a
result, the available absorptive surface area of the bowel is reduced, and the incorporation …

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a neuropathy due to cobalamin (Cbl)(vitamin
B12) deficiency acquired in adult age. Hitherto, the theories advanced to explain the …

Background Vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient in humans needed for health
maintenance. Deficiency of vitamin B12 has been linked to dietary, environmental and …

Receptor‐mediated endocytosis is a pivotal function of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells
(PTECs) to reabsorb and metabolize substantial amounts of proteins and other substances …