Currently, obesity has become a global health issue and is referred to as an epidemic.
Dysfunctional obese adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in the development of insulin …

The prevalence of heart failure is on the rise and imposes a major health threat, in part, due
to the rapidly increased prevalence of overweight and obesity. To this point …

Inhibiting cell survival and inducing cell death are the main approaches of tumor therapy.
Autophagy plays an important role on intracellular metabolic homeostasis by eliminating …

Obesity poses a severe threat to human health, including the increased prevalence of
hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cancer, inflammation, sleep apnoea and …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), remains
as one of the major causes of vision loss worldwide. The release of pro-inflammatory …

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and its incidence is continually increasing.
Although anticancer therapy has improved significantly, it still has limited efficacy for tumor …

Lipids are essential components of a cell providing energy substrates for cellular processes,
signaling intermediates, and building blocks for biological membranes. Lipids are constantly …

Autophagy, a process of self-digestion of the cytoplasm and organelles through which
cellular components are recycled for reuse or energy production, is an evolutionarily …

Abstract Purpose of Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most
common causes of chronic liver disease with rising prevalence worldwide. Herein, we …

Amino acids not only participate in intermediary metabolism but also stimulate insulin-
mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR)-mediated signal transduction which controls the …