Since the discovery of myostatin (MSTN; also known as GDF-8) as a critical regulator of
skeletal muscle mass in 1997, there has been an extensive effort directed at understanding …

Irisin is a hormone‐like myokine produced in abundance by skeletal muscle in response to
exercise, both in mice and humans. Once released into the circulation, irisin acts on white …

Age-related frailty may be due to decreased skeletal muscle regeneration. The role of TGF-β
molecules myostatin and GDF11 in regeneration is unclear. Recent studies showed an age …

Different forms of physical activity—endurance, resistance or dynamic power—stimulate
cytokine release from various tissues to the bloodstream. Receptors for exercise-induced …

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by loss of α-motor
neurons, leading to profound skeletal muscle atrophy. Patients also suffer from decreased …

Key points Ribosome biogenesis is the primary determinant of translational capacity, but its
regulation in skeletal muscle following acute resistance exercise is poorly understood …

Muscular dystrophies are characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscle
tissues. Several drugs targeting the myostatin pathway have been used in clinical trials to …

It has long been known that aging, at both the cellular and organismal levels, contributes to
the development and progression of the pathology of many chronic diseases. However …

Background Growth/differentiation factor 8 (GDF8) and GDF11 are two highly similar
members of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) family. While GDF8 has been …

In a mature (weight neutral) animal, an increase in muscle mass only occurs when the
muscle is loaded sufficiently to cause an increase in myofibrillar protein balance. A tight …