The heme oxygenases, which consist of constitutive and inducible isozymes (HO-1, HO-2),
catalyze the rate-limiting step in the metabolic conversion of heme to the bile pigments (ie …

Cigarette smoke, which serves as a nicotine delivery vehicle in humans, produces profound
changes in physiology. Experimental studies suggest that nicotine has analgesic properties …

Carbon monoxide (CO), a product of organic oxidation processes, arises in vivo during
cellular metabolism, most notably heme degradation. CO binds to the heme iron of most …

Aims Nephrotoxicity is the hallmark of anti-neoplastic drug metabolism that causes oxidative
stress. External chemical agents and prescription drugs release copious amounts of free …

Diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and
bronchopulmonary dysplasia injure the gas-exchanging alveoli of the human lung. Animal …

The incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide and is hence considered a major public
health concern. Obesity underlies the development of several metabolic complications …

Iron metabolism is vital for the survival of both humans and microorganisms. Heme
oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an essential stress-response enzyme highly expressed in the lungs …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive multifactorial
disease with limited therapeutic options. Glycosides based standardized fenugreek seed …

Resveratrol (Res) is a polyphenolic compound that has a variety of biological functions and
activities. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of the antioxidant and proapoptotic …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) expresses a set of genes known as the dormancy
regulon in vivo. These genes are expressed in vitro in response to nitric oxide (NO) or …