Aspergillus species are the paramount ubiquitous fungi that contaminate various food
substrates and produce biochemicals known as mycotoxins. Aflatoxins (AFTs), ochratoxin A …

The importance of fungal infections in both human and animals has increased over the last
decades. This article represents an overview of the different categories of fungal infections …

The insect immune response demonstrates many similarities to the innate immune response
of mammals and a wide range of insects is now employed to assess the virulence of …

Aspergillus species are globally ubiquitous saprophytes found in a variety of ecological
niches. Almost 200 species of aspergilli have been identified, less than 20 of which are …

The insect immune response demonstrates a number of structural and functional similarities
to the innate immune system of mammals. As a result of these conserved features insects …

Evaluation of Cryptococcus neoformans virulence in a number of nonmammalian hosts
suggests that C. neoformans is a nonspecific pathogen. We used the killing of Galleria …

Mycotoxins are harmful secondary metabolites produced by a range of widespread fungi
belonging in the main to Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. But why should fungi …

Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs) are toxic secondary metabolites made only by fungi.
The best-known ETP is gliotoxin, which appears to be a virulence factor associated with …

The importance of aspergillosis in humans and various animal species has increased over
the last decades. Aspergillus species are found worldwide in humans and in almost all …

Nonmammalian model systems of infection such as Galleria mellonella (caterpillars of the
greater wax moth) have significant logistical and ethical advantages over mammalian …