Vaccines have been successful in reducing the mortality and morbidity, but most of them are
delivered by intramuscular or intravenous route. They are associated with pain to the baby …

Introduction: The hexavalent vaccine DT3aP-HBV-IPV-Hib (Infanrix hexa, GSK) was first
licensed in Europe in 2000. DT2aP-HBV-IPV-Hib (Hexyon/Hexacima/Hexaxim, Sanofi …

Pain management for needle‐related procedures is poor in Japan. In many countries the
use of lidocaine/prilocaine cream for the relief of pain associated with venipuncture has …

Objective: To determine the methods used by nurses working in family health centres to
decrease pain during medical procedures in infants. Methods: This descriptive, cross …

Vaccination is a procedure considered painful for children; therefore, the healthcare team
should provide conditions for adequate pain assessment and control. This study sought to …

Aim. This study was conducted to determine the effect of combining vibration and external
cold on pain caused by vaccine injection among six‐month‐old infants. Design …

Immunization has been proven to be an effective method for preventing child mortality
caused by highly dangerous infectious diseases that are preventable. This intervention not …

Immunization dropout (DO) occurs when a child does not receive follow-up immunization
according to the set schedule. High dropout status has potential increasing the risk of …

Background: Immunization is a medical procedure many children frequently undergo. As it
involves pain, it is important to develop effective pain relief methods that are applicable from …

METHODS: 102 children (52 girls, 50 boys; mean age: 6.71±1.43 years) were included.
Exclusion criteria were children showing definitely negative behaviour (Frankl 1) during …