In the present study, G-protein activation by newly-isolated opioid peptides, endomorphin-1
and-2, was examined in the mouse spinal cord by monitoring the binding of the non …

Orphanin FQ (also known as nociceptin) is a 17-amino-acid peptide which acts as a potent
endogenous agonist of the orphan opioid receptor-like (ORL1) receptor. Endomorphin-1, a 4 …

Endomorphin 1 (10, 30, 100 nmol/kg) administered intravenously (iv) to urethane-
anesthetized rats consistently and dose-dependently lowered heart rate (HR) and mean …

We previously described two novel analogues of endomorphin-1 (Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2, 1),
modified with an 8-carbon lipoamino acid (C8LAA) with or without replacement of Tyr1 with …

We have previously demonstrated that both endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 produce
their antinociception by the stimulation of μ-opioid receptors. However, the antinociception …

Whole‐cell patch recordings were made from substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons in
transverse lumbar spinal cord slices of 15‐to 30‐day‐old rats. Endomorphin 1 (EM‐1) or EM …

Release of endomorphin (ENDO)-2 like substances from the dorsal horn of the isolated rat
spinal cord was measured by the immobilized-antibody microprobe technique. Spinal cords …

Centrally acting opioids, such as morphine, are the most frequently used analgesic agents
for the treatment of severe pain. However, their usefulness is limited by the production of a …

The effects of intracerebroventricular administration of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2,
endogenous μ-opioid receptor agonists, on passive avoidance learning associated with …

It has been proved that endomorphin-2 (EM2) produced obvious analgesic effects in the
spinal dorsal horn (SDH), which existed in our human bodies with remarkable affinity and …