Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation that negatively impacts quality of
life. Present treatments show poor therapeutic effect with frequent recurrence. This in large …

The abundant synthesis and accretion of melanin inside skin can be caused by activation of
melanogenic enzymes or increase in number of melanocytes. Melasma is defined as …

Background/Objectives Although melasma is highly prevalent, its pathogenesis is not yet
fully understood. In the skin, endothelin-1 (ET-1) is primarily produced by keratinocytes in …

Melasma is a chronic hyperpigmentation skin disorder that is more common in the female
gender. Although melasma is a multifactorial skin disorder, however, sun-exposure and …

Purpose To investigate the molecular mechanism of Croci stigma (CS) in the treatment of
melasma by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods TCMSP, CTD …

Objective: Metformin has recently been demonstrated to have an anti-melanogenic activity.
Nevertheless, clinical evidence of the effectiveness of metformin in melasma is lacking. The …

Melasma is a persistent condition characterized by excessive melanin production in the skin.
The management of melasma necessitates a protracted treatment duration, which is …

Objectives Pulsed laser treatment of melasma has shown some promising results. To
compare the effectiveness and safety of 755‐nm picosecond alexandrite laser (PSAL) fitted …

Background Due to cosmetic disfigurement, melasma can negatively affect the quality of life
and emotional and mental health, further leading to depression. Objective Prevalence rates …

Efficacy of oral 5 mg melatonin in the treatment of facial melasma in women: A double-blind,
randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial Efficacy of oral 5 mg melatonin in the treatment …