Background/Aim. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are pivotal biomolecules in the immune system.
Today, we are all aware of the importance of TLRs in bridging innate and adaptive immune …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the pattern recognition receptors, which are activated by
foreign and host molecules in order to initiate the immune response. They play a crucial role …

Glioma represents a fast proliferating and highly invasive brain tumor which is resistant to
current therapies and invariably recurs. Despite some advancements in anti-glioma …

Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a dual regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
TLR agonists (TLRa) elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses to achieve anti …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors that play a critical role
in innate and adaptive immunity. Toll-like receptor agonists (TLRa) as vaccine adjuvant …

Sepsis and cancer share a number of pathophysiological features, and both result from the
inability of the host's immune system to cope with the initial insult (tissue invasion by …

Abstract Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only FDA approved first line therapy for
patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. The purpose of this study is to better …

Most essential pattern-recognition receptors regulating innate immune functions are toll-like
receptors (TLRs). TLRs are characterized by lack of concurrent epithelial markers and are …

Effective cancer therapy requires identification of signaling networks and investigating their
potential role in proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Among molecular pathways …

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by a high rate of cure, but
also by a non-negligible probability of recurrence and risk progression to muscle-invasive …