The application of Raman spectroscopy in the study of the corrosion of steel reinforcement in
concrete is critically reviewed. The Raman effects of all the possible products formed during …

Simple Summary Fossils of dinosaurs other than birds are at least 66 million years old.
Nevertheless, many organic compounds have survived fossilization and can still be found in …

Microstructural and biomolecular preservation is reported in fossils as old as the Triassic.
Such preservation suggests unusual taphonomic conditions. We collected fragments of …

Preservation of soft parts (collagen fibres, blood vessels and cells) in extinct vertebrates is
rare and usually limited to fossilized bone and cartilage. Well-preserved coarse collagenous …

Osteocytes and blood vessels are the main cellular and tissue components of the bone
tissue of vertebrates. Evidence of these soft-tissue microstructures has been widely …

The preservation of cell nuclei in deep time is an area of research that is largely unexplored,
likely because of the assumption that fine intracellular organelles are too fragile to enter the …

Lepidochelys is a genus of extant marine turtles that includes the critically endangered
Kemp's Ridley turtle. The evolutionary history of this genus is poorly understood due to the …

In the most recent three decades, there has been an outpouring of research on the
preservation of cells and soft tissues within fossil bones. Cells and soft tissues that are …

Demineralization assays, utilizing weak acids to isolate organics from biomineralized
tissues, have recently been applied with increasing frequency to explore soft tissue …

Previous studies on microtaphonomy have identified multiple different organic
microstructures in fossil vertebrates from a variety of time periods and environmental …