ABSTRACT A recent Perspective article described the “carbohydrate-insulin model (CIM)” of
obesity, asserting that it “better reflects knowledge on the biology of weight control” as …

The impaired insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance (or decreased insulin
sensitivity) play a major role in the pathogenesis of all types of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is …

Mutations in metabolic enzymes, including isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2, in
cancer strongly implicate altered metabolism in tumorigenesis. IDH1 and IDH2 catalyze the …

The pancreatic islet β cell senses circulating levels of calorigenic nutrients to secrete insulin
according to the needs of the organism. Altered insulin secretion is linked to various …

Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide, and it is associated with an increased
risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It is now commonly accepted that chronic inflammation …

Pancreatic β-cell function is of critical importance in the regulation of fuel homoeostasis, and
metabolic dysregulation is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM). The β-cell is an intricately …

Insulin is produced by pancreatic β-cells, and once released to the blood, the hormone
stimulates glucose uptake and suppresses glucose production. Defects in both the …

Background The global shift in food consumption patterns accompanied by a sedentary
lifestyle has been driving the upsurge of non-communicable diseases, projected to remain …

Pancreatic islets consist of multiple cell types that produce hormones required for glucose
homeostasis, and islet dysfunction is a major factor in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Numerous …

Twenty-two novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides (with IC 50 values<
200 µM) and fifteen novel insulinotropic peptides were identified in a boarfish protein …