ERK MAP kinase signaling plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular functions, including cell
proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival. One of the central questions concerning …

There is growing evidence to suggest that BMPs and their receptors play an essential role in
the formation of skeletal tissues, but the mechanism by which these molecules exert their …

In the present study, we showed that Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with
human central cannabinoid receptor (CB1) exhibit high constitutive activity at both levels of …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play a pivotal role in many aspects
of cellular functions, and are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to mammals. In mammals …

Abstract In 1960, Jacob and Monod described the bacterial operon, a cluster of functionally
interacting genes whose expression is tightly coordinated. Global expression analysis has …

The enzyme NADPH oxidase in phagocytes is important in the body's defence against
microbes: it produces superoxide anions (O2-, precursors to bactericidal reactive oxygen …

Cannabinoids, known for their psychoactive effects, also possess immunomodulatory
properties. The recent isolation and cloning of the G‐protein‐coupled peripheral …

Specific mRNA degradation mediated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which is termed
RNA interference (RNAi), is a useful tool with which to study gene function in several …

Background The ERK family of MAP kinase plays a critical role in growth factor-stimulated
cell-cycle progression from G0/G1 to S phase. It has been suggested that sustained …

Activation of growth factor receptors results in tyrosine autophosphorylation and recruitment
of SH2 domain-containing effecters, including Grb2. Grb2 recruitment mediates activation of …