The largest epidemic ever recorded for chikungunya, a disease caused by infection with the
chikungunya virus (CHIKV), began in Africa in 2004 and spread to> 100 countries on four …

Background: Infectious disease epidemiology and planetary health literature often cite solid
waste and plastic pollution as risk factors for vector-borne diseases and urban zoonoses; …

Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection results in neurodevelopmental deficits in up to 14% of
infants born to ZIKV-infected mothers. Neutralizing antibodies are a critical component of …

The Zika virus outbreak in Latin America resulted in congenital malformations, called
congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). For unknown reasons, CZS incidence was highest in …

The northeast (NE) region of Brazil commonly goes through drought periods, which favor
cyanobacterial blooms, capable of producing neurotoxins with implications for human and …

This paper uncovers the socioeconomic and health/lifestyle factors that can explain the
differential impact of the coronavirus pandemic on different parts of the United States. Using …

Macrophages play important roles in the innate and acquired immune responses against
Leishmania parasites. Depending on the subset and activation status, macrophages may …

Immunodominant and highly conserved flavivirus envelope proteins can trigger cross-
reactive IgG antibodies against related flaviviruses, which shapes subsequent protection or …

Background: The Zika virus (ZIKV) caused a large outbreak in the Americas leading to the
declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2016. A …

This paper examines the role of regional poverty on the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. It
also explores how the effects differ with the concentration of ethnic minorities. We find that …