The primary function of the epidermis is to produce the protective, semi-permeable stratum
corneum that permits terrestrial life. The barrier function of the stratum corneum is provided …

Ceramides are the major lipid constituent of lamellar sheets present in the intercellular
spaces of the stratum corneum. These lamellar sheets are thought to provide the barrier …

The advent of nanotechnological products in the market, while holding great promise, is
raising concerns in consumers. Therefore, this contribution will attempt to compare different …

Skin's effectiveness as a barrier to permeation of water and other chemicals rests almost
entirely in the outermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum (SC), which consists of …

The skin surface represents our interface with the external environment, and as such, is our
first line of defense against microbial colonization and infection. Lipids at the skin surface …

In recent years, the emphasis in drug development has been the design of new delivery
systems rather than new drugs. It is the aim of innovative pharmaceutical scientists to design …

The vertebrate integument represents an evolutionary compromise between the needs for
mechanical protection and those of sensing the environment and regulating the exchange of …

The purpose of the present manuscript is to review the chemical and physical properties of
epidermal lipids and to relate these properties to the formation and function of the …

The main barrier of the skin is formed by the lipids in the apical skin layer, the stratum
corneum (SC). In SC mainly ceramides (CER), free fatty acids (FFA) and cholesterol (CHOL) …

The lipids of the topmost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, represent the primary barrier
to molecules penetrating the skin. One approach to overcoming this barrier for the purpose …