The brain harbors a unique ability to, figuratively speaking, shift its gears. During
wakefulness, the brain is geared fully toward processing information and behaving, while …

Throughout the body, lymphatic fluid movement supports critical functions including
clearance of excess fluid and metabolic waste. The glymphatic system is the analog of the …

The glymphatic hypothesis proposes a mechanism for extravascular transport into and out of
the brain of hydrophilic solutes unable to cross the blood–brain barrier. It suggests that there …

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) account for the majority of injury-related deaths in the United
States with roughly two million TBIs occurring annually. Due to the spectrum of severity and …

The glymphatic system is a recently discovered network unique to the central nervous
system that allows for dynamic exchange of interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid …

Objective Blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been suggested to be an early
biomarker in human cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between BBB …

In recent years, the existence of a mass transport system in the brain via cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) or interstitial fluid (ISF) has been suggested by many studies. The glymphatic system …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is the interface between the central nervous system and
systemic circulation. It tightly regulates what enters and is removed from the brain …

The blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) is a highly dynamic transport interface that
serves brain homeostasis. To date, however, understanding of its role in brain development …

The complex and dynamic system of fluid flow through the perivascular and interstitial
spaces of the CNS has new-found implications for neurological diseases. CSF movement …